This module is about a mechanism, not a community. The mechanism is algorithmic amplification of grievance inside closed networks, and the research describes it working the same way regardless of who is at either end of it.
Loop, not funnel: step 4 feeds step 1. The defence analysis notes the full cycle can now complete rather than the months that offline indoctrination required.
Two documented instances follow. They are presented in parallel, at the same weight, because they are the same mechanism with different inputs.
Online echo chambers targeting Muslim youth in Delhi
An interview study at Delhi universities documents how Hindu-nationalist content circulating in closed networks shapes the information environment of Muslim students, and how exposure and counter-exposure harden positions on both sides.
Cross-border digital recruitment into violent extremism
Indian defence analysis documents recruitment pipelines that operate entirely online, targeting Gen-Z users and completing in weeks what offline indoctrination once took months to achieve.
Both bodies of evidence are qualitative — interview studies and policy analysis, not prevalence estimates. There is no credible Indian figure for "how many young people are radicalised online," and this module does not invent one. What the sources support is a claim about how the process works and how fast, which is a different and more defensible thing.